Exploration

People learn about themselves, their communities and topics under discussion to help their thinking. Some of the deliberative techniques recommended and best suited for use in exploration are:

• World Cafe
• Issues Forum
• Nominal Group

Decision making

People contribute their knowledge and ideas to improve the value of public decision making. Some of the deliberative techniques recommended and best suited for use in decision making are:

• Citizens' Jury
• Charrette / Enquiry by Design

Collaborative problem solving

People work through complex problems together and own the recommendations they make to decision-makers. Some of the deliberative techniques recommended and best suited for use in collaborative problem solving are:

• Participatory Budgeting
• Citizens' Jury

Other engagement tools and methods

There is a range of existing engagement toolkits and methods that you might find useful when deciding on which tools to use and/or how to implement them successfully.

For resources view the National Coalition for Dialogue and Deliberation (ncdd) website.